![]() ![]() Some hobbyists who prefer class-A amplifiers also prefer the use of thermionic valve (tube) designs instead of transistors, for several reasons: Single-ended and triode class-A amplifiers Class A power amplifiers are also used in some "boutique" guitar amplifiers due to their unique tonal quality and for reproducing vintage tones. There is a market for expensive high fidelity class-A amps considered a "cult item" among audiophiles mainly for their absence of crossover distortion and reduced odd-harmonic and high-order harmonic distortion.
0 Comments
![]() What differentiates the American Bully breed from it’s ancestors- the American Staffordshire Terrier and the American Pit Bull Terrier (aside from it’s genetic makeup) is the dog’s physical appearance. Traits of dog and human aggression have been bred out, as they have no future purpose for this trait (outside of hunting & sport) A reinvented breed was formed, with the purpose of being the ultimate companion breed, and this breed is the “American Bully.”Īccording to the UKC- The American Bully breed was subtly influenced by the infusion of several other breeds, which include the American Bulldog, English Bulldog, Pacific Bulldog as well as the Olde English Bulldogge among other Bulldog breeds. These Include loyalty, stability with humans and children, along with many of their physical attributes. Like with the American Staffordshire Terrier (which is also an offshoot of the American Pit Bull Terrier) all of the positive characteristics of the breed’s ancestry were kept. BRC Global and the UKC.Īccording to the ABKC- The American Bully breed has been selectively bred to give America’s breed, the American Pit Bull Terrier, a new direction and outlet. There are other registries, but for the purposes of this article we will mention the main few- which are the ABKC, BBCR. The United Kennel Club or UKC recognized the American Bully breed in 2013. The American Bully breed was created around 1990 and gained recognition and establishment in 2004 with the inception of the American Bully Kennel Club, also known as the ABKC Registry. In winter storms, snow can swirl up and accumulate in the cooling air channels of individual rail cars, which reduces or completely blocks the intake duct and effects the amount of outside air that can be taken in to cool the cars. In a world increasingly impacted by climate change, rail engineers must also design any new rail equipment (which often has an expected lifetimes of 20+ years) to handle more extreme weather events. Preventing Traction problems in extreme weather: In this article, Siemens engineers estimated that ANSYS CFD simulation saved them up to 50 percent in reduced time and physical testing on this project. This recent article talks about how Siemens has been using ANSYS CFD to meet the strict new EU Rail HVAC regulations: they have found that their simulation results have agreed so well with test measurements that, in future, Siemens engineers will being relying entirely on ANSYS CFD to demonstrate compliance with these strict new European regulations. In the past, rail engineers would typically have spent four months testing their passenger carriages in an expensive climate-controlled wind tunnel to validate their HVAC system. Regulations and customer demands put increasing pressure on train designers to deliver high-levels of thermal comfort. Optimising heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) of train carriages: Read more here.Ĭlick here for another example of using CFD to optimise energy efficiency of jet fans in tunnels.Ĭlick for another example of CFD in use for fire engineering as a subset of tunnel ventilation. Traditionally, 1D or 2D tools have been used to estimate the average pressures inside these long tunnels (5km+), but best-practice design is now moving towards 3D CFD transient simulations to more accurately predict the flow distribution, velocity components and magnitude in each tunnel section, allowing for more accurate jet fan sizing(which can save millions of dollars in unnecessary upfront costs, and ongoing running costs for incorrectly sized fans). However, engineers must consider that jet fan performance can be disrupted by the motion of trains travelling through the tunnel at up to 350 km/h (218 mph), with complex flow patterns forming including pressure waves that propagate throughout the tunnel (and complex flow interactions occurring at entry and exits). Ventilation systems are a critical component in large rail tunnels, typically consisting of longitudinal jet fans that are placed at several carefully chosen positions along the tunnel. Especially if you work in the Rail industry, your daily routine is now riddled with examples of how CFD has improved both your comfort and safety during your daily commute. ![]() ![]() ![]() I suspect that as you become more immersed in the world of CFD/simulations, you also become increasingly adept at looking around you and identifying aspects of your everyday life which have been impacted by engineering simulation (or aspects which should be!). At any given moment around the world there are 100 million passengers travelling on a train, a striking figure which has been projected to double again over the coming decade. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |